Recent Articles from AB Newswire

ZURICH, SWITZERLAND - April 7, 2026 - eFinancialModels, a global marketplace for professional financial model templates, is reporting growing demand for its Airbnb financial model templates from property investors moving beyond their first unit. The platform serves hosts, developers, and real estate investors at every stage of the Airbnb investment lifecycle — from single-unit acquisition through multi-property portfolio management — and is observing a clear shift: investors who have operated one property are now seeking models that support a more deliberate, scalable approach to growth.

Friends of the Huaqiang Lecture Hall, it’s great to see you all again. My surname is Song—though many new friends often mix it up and think my name is Kinghelm, which is actually my company’s English name. The Huaqiang Lecture Hall has always been a place for ideas, learning, and meaningful exchange. This is my third time speaking here. The first time, I talked about Kinghelm’s GPS and BeiDou antennas and navigation modules; the second time, I introduced Slkor’s silicon carbide technology. As someone jokingly known as a “street economist” in Huaqiangbei, and as an entrepreneur who has struggled—sometimes even selling property to keep investing in the integrated circuit industry—today I want to share my thoughts on “The Road to Domestic Semiconductor Development.”

In today’s procurement environment, buyers are no longer looking for a generic supplier list. They are looking for a partner that can reduce uncertainty, simplify comparison, support category decisions, and help them move from inquiry to repeatable sales with fewer surprises. In that context, Kebon Emergency Kit solutions stand out not because they try to be everything to everyone, but because they are built around practical buyer needs across outdoor, roadside, pet, travel, home, industrial, and promotional use cases. Kebon is a specialized manufacturer focused on emergency kit, first aid kit, first aid box, and related preparedness solutions for professional buyers who need stable customization, dependable quality control, and category flexibility.

CHICAGO, IL - Speak by Design, a leadership communication coaching firm founded by Stephanie Bickel, will host its flagship one-day immersive experience, Sharpen & Elevate, on July 15, 2026, at the Thompson Hotel in Chicago.

AI Awareness Training Launches World's First Sector-Specific AI Certification for Agriculture and Food Production Professionals

Jefferson, Ohio - S&K Construction and Remodeling LLC, a trusted name in the roofing industry and an Owens Corning Preferred Contractor, is proud to announce the expansion of its professional commercial roofing services throughout Northeast Ohio. Known for delivering high-quality residential roofing solutions, the company is now strengthening its presence in the commercial sector, offering reliable, durable, and cost-effective roofing systems for businesses of all sizes.

Price 4 Charter Buses & Limos is celebrating 15 years as the leading group transportation provider in the United States! Since we started in 2011, the Price 4 Charter Buses & Limos team has been obsessed with one thing: making it easy for you to find and book the perfect ride for your group.

A beloved children’s fantasy series concludes with a tale of adventure, belonging, and the enduring power of human connection

Dr. James B. Joseph's Landmark Book, The Ultimate Victory: Becoming a Follower of Jesus, 3rd Edition, Delivers a Powerful, Scripture-Grounded Call to Authentic Discipleship

Ultrasonic atomization technological know-how for low-melt metal powders is a novel, energy-saving, and environmentally pleasant technological know-how for making ready low-melt metal powders. The gorgeous blessings of ultrasonic atomization are its easy device structure, small size, and even the absence of transferring parts. It boasts excessive reliability and is very convenient to seal and maintain. It is especially appropriate for research institutions, system experiments, and small-batch, multi-batch precision production, and can additionally supply larger output even with high-power ultrasound.

Pull one unit from a batch of manually welded MCB magnetic trip sets and send it to the lab. The bonding area between the coil termination and the terminal plate might be 42%. Pull another unit from the same batch: 19%. Both passed visual inspection. Both left the factory. One will trip reliably for 20,000 cycles. The other may not.

V mesh fencing, sometimes called V-bend welded mesh fencing, is widely used in infrastructure, industrial, and commercial projects. Its popularity is not accidental. The design solves several practical problems that traditional flat mesh fences struggle with.

When it comes to stabilizing slopes, preventing soil erosion, and managing landscape elevation changes, homeowners, engineers, and landscapers often debate one key question: Is a gabion better than a traditional retaining wall? Both solutions have a same purpose—holding back earth, but they also have many differences in material, installation, cost, and performance. So you can select a suitable solution.

In the context of global industrial upgrading, infrastructure construction and green development, the need for high-quality and comprehensive Steel Coil is rising. From constructing buildings to manufacturing home appliances, automotive, machinery manufacturing and hydraulic engineering,PPGI coil, Galvanized steel coil, prepainted galvanized steel coil, carbon steel coil and Galvalume Coil have become the fundamental building blocks of industry with their unique performance benefits, wide-ranging applications and cost-effectiveness. Jiedong Jurong Trading Co. Ltd., a professional steel export company based in Tianjin, China, has been devoted to delivering high-quality steel coil products that meet international standards, utilizing its stable supply chain and expertise to assist customers worldwide to maximize production efficiency, minimize cost, and increase product durability.​

In long-term industrial equipment operation, vibration is one of the main causes of bolted joint failure. During continuous equipment operation, vibration energy is constantly transmitted to the connection points. Conventional fasteners often cannot withstand this constant dynamic load, and pretension gradually decreases, ultimately leading to bolt slippage and loosening, which can lead to equipment failure or accidents. M10 spring washers are professional bolt-loosening prevention components designed to address this issue. Their long-lasting elastic compensating force makes them indispensable and crucial in high-vibration environments.

When installing overhead equipment in food processing facilities, safety and hygiene are two key requirements. Standard carbon steel eyebolts are highly susceptible to rust and corrosion in humid environments and in environments with frequent use of acidic and alkaline cleaning agents, which not only impacts equipment stability but also potentially contaminates the production environment. 304 stainless steel eyebolts, with their superior rust resistance and reliable load-bearing capacity, are the ideal choice for overhead equipment in food processing facilities, providing durable and safe connections for food production.

For lovers of bonsai art, a handy electric pruning shear is just as essential as a paintbrush is to a painter. Traditional manual pruning shears are not only labor-intensive when cutting slightly thick branches but also prone to damaging plants due to uneven cutting surfaces. In recent years, small electric pruning shears have gradually become a new favorite among many seasoned bonsai lovers for their advantages of being labor-saving and delivering smooth cuts.

Garlic, a staple in kitchens worldwide and a revered ingredient in both culinary and traditional wellness practices, is far more diverse than many people realize. Beyond the common bulbs found on grocery store shelves, there are dozens of garlic varieties, each with unique flavor profiles, growing characteristics, and ideal uses. From mild, sweet options perfect for roasting to pungent, spicy types that elevate savory dishes, understanding the different types of garlic can transform your cooking and help you make informed choices for your pantry or garden. Let’s dive into the fascinating world of garlic classification and explore the most popular varieties available today.

MCROWN AUTO is expanding its electric vehicle lineup with the launch of the ​Reach Dump Truck, a rugged ​electric light truck​ designed for ​construction sites, mining operations, and heavy-duty material handling. Certified under the ​EU L7e-CU​ standard, this ​100% electric, zero-emission industrial vehicle​ delivers ​powerful performance​ while eliminating ​diesel emissions—making it the perfect solution for ​green construction​ and ​sustainable logistics.

In the modern construction industry, general steel metal buildings have become a mainstream choice for industrial plants, warehouses, and commercial facilities due to their high efficiency, structural stability, and strong scalability. If you are planning to build a steel frame construction, understanding the complete construction process will help ensure smooth project execution. This article is divided into two parts and will systematically introduce the key steps from design to installation, along with common challenges at each stage.

If you are planning to build a steel structure building but are unsure which type to choose, this article will provide you with clear guidance and practical insights. Steel structure buildings are widely used across various industrial and commercial sectors due to their efficiency, flexibility, and durability. However, different industries have distinct functional requirements, making it essential to select the right type of steel structure.

Choosing the right brick-making machine is essentially a decision based on a "precise match" between your own production conditions, market demand, and investment budget.

Where fermentation biotechnology enhances plant oils for advanced skincare performance

In modern offshore engineering and shipbuilding, fire safety and thermal insulation are critical factors that directly impact vessel safety, operational reliability, and regulatory compliance. Marine insulation materials must withstand extremely demanding conditions including high temperatures, confined spaces, vibration, and strict international fire protection standards.

The "Woven Sacks Market" reached a valuation of USD xx.x Billion in 2023, with projections to achieve USD xx.x Billion by 2031, demonstrating a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of xx.x% from 2024 to 2031.

In the installation of suspended equipment in food processing workshops, safety and hygiene are two core requirements. Ordinary carbon steel eye bolts are highly susceptible to rust and corrosion in humid environments and environments with frequent use of acidic and alkaline cleaning agents, affecting not only equipment stability but also potentially contaminating the food production environment. 304 stainless steel eye bolts, with their superior rust resistance and reliable load-bearing capacity, are becoming the ideal choice for suspended equipment in food processing workshops, providing a durable and safe connection guarantee for food production.

O'FALLON, MO - April 7, 2026 - A new Associated Press report has brought renewed attention to the quiet challenge reshaping the American workforce: tens of millions of employees are serving double duty as paid professionals and unpaid family caregivers. As employers scramble to add benefits like paid caregiver leave and care concierge services, SonderCare, a premium home hospital bed manufacturer, says the conversation must also include what happens inside the home once an employee walks through the front door.

As metabolic dysfunction–associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and MASH move toward large-scale clinical adoption, ENDRA Life Sciences (NASDAQ: NDRA) is emerging as a key player in solving one of the industry’s biggest challenges: scalable liver imaging .

Stop Leaks & Inaccurate Weight: The Ultimate Automatic Protein Powder Packaging Machine for High-End Stick Powder Packaging

TORONTO, ON - April 7, 2026 - Butterly, Canada's leading consumer advocacy platform, today announced a three-year partnership with LCG Food Distribution, a national food distributor supplying more than 1,000 retail locations and representing over 150 better-for-you food and beverage brands. The partnership connects LCG Foods brand partners with Butterly’s platform, including authentic consumer ratings and reviews, high-quality social content, and peer-driven social proof that support performance at retail and online.

London, United Kingdom - 7th April, 2026 - Frontline Collections, the UK's leading debt collection agency, is urging London businesses to take decisive action on unpaid invoices, following alarming new research revealing the devastating scale of the late payments crisis gripping the capital.

This is a newly completed display project we recently ​​​customized​ for our brand customers.​

Comedy rock legend "Weird Al" Yankovic is bringing back his wildly popular Bigger & Weirder 2026 Tour for another massive run across North America. Following the huge success of his 2025 shows, Al returns with an expanded production featuring his iconic parodies, fan favorites, deep cuts, costume changes, and a full eight-piece band — plus special guest Puddles Pity Party .

Recently, an RTZK WDB800G Stabilized Soil Mixing Plant was successfully delivered in Hubei Province.

In March 2026, the Changsha R&D Center of RTZK welcomed two groups of long-distance partners in succession — a delegation from Thailand and a technical team from Inner Mongolia. They participated in the first and second sessions of RTZK’s special dealer training program, further deepening technical understanding, operational knowledge, and mutual trust.

In the busy, competitive world of maritime trade, picking the right Marine Fender is more important than you might think. Experts often say that investing in good quality fenders is essential for protecting ships and making sure docking goes smoothly. I remember John Maxwell, a well-known figure in the marine industry, once mentioning, ‘The right Marine Fender can save you from costly damages and make operations run a lot more smoothly.’ That really drives home how important it is to choose sturdy, reliable fenders.Of course, figuring out which product to go for can be a bit of a headache. Picking the wrong Fender could mean safety hazards or even big financial hits. On the bright side, companies like West Marine Inflatable Boat are pretty well-known for offering tough, dependable options that fit different kinds of vessels. Their designs are pretty innovative, aiming to protect boats effectively while keeping risks in check. Still, it’s super important to do your homework—check out different brands and see what suits your specific needs.And let’s not forget, balancing cost and quality is a common struggle for many businesses. Some might go for cheaper fenders just to save a few bucks, but unfortunately, that can really backfire if they don’t meet safety standards. In the long run, skimping on good fenders could put crew safety, the vessel’s condition, and your operational success at serious risk. So yeah, investing in good quality Marine Fenders isn’t just smart—it’s pretty much necessary for smooth sailing and peace of mind.

In March 2026, RTZK 's Changsha R&D Center welcomed two groups of visitors from afar——a partner delegation from Thailand and a team of technical experts from Inner Mongolia——who participated in the first and second phases of distributor-specific training.

Those looking for exciting news about the state of global supply chains may have to wait. An investment bank focusing on the ground does not see the current supply chain dilemma, or the accompanying higher costs, which has eased them for quite a long time.

Mexican music icon Alejandro Fernández is extending his acclaimed De Rey a Rey Tour into 2026 with powerful performances celebrating his legendary career. Known as “El Potrillo,” he delivers heartfelt rancheras, boleros, and romantic ballads with unmatched passion and vocal strength.

The drone industry is booming. But if you manufacture Epp Drone bodies or battery housings, you know a painful truth: even small defects ground entire production batches.

The Mobile World Congress (MWC) held in Barcelona in March 2025 was a huge success, further cementing its status as the global hub for mobile innovation. With the theme "Converge. Connect. Create.," the event attracted 2,900 exhibitors, 1,200 speakers, and 109,000 attendees from 205 countries.

Smart solder-free LED cabinet light with built-in sensor switch, offering recessed and surface-mounted under cabinet and wardrobe lighting solutions for global HOME projects.

​In industrial and commercial projects, the integration of power, instrumentation, and communication systems is critical. A common question arises: Can power cables and instrumentation/communication cables be run in the same cable tray ? This article explores technical standards, safety considerations, and best practice.

In today’s really fast-paced business world, finding quality Non Woven Material is more important than ever. Tons of different industries depend on this versatile fabric for all sorts of uses — everything from medical supplies to home goods. But honestly, choosing the right supplier? That can be pretty tricky. There are so many options out there, and each one claims to be the best, so it’s hard to know who to trust.Team up with reputable companies like Fabric Solutions or Green Textile, and it can really boost your sourcing game. They know their stuff and can help you get products that actually meet high standards. Still, the market’s pretty crowded, and it’s easy to fall for marketing hype instead of real quality.When making your choice, keep in mind that price isn’t everything. You should also think about how durable the material is, its environmental footprint, and whether the supplier’s trustworthy. If you pick the wrong one, it could end up costing you big time. So yeah, it’s all about making smart decisions and choosing carefully.

The Spine of Industry: In-Depth Analysis of the Technological Evolution and Selection Logic of Modern Industrial Steel Wire Ropes

Casting is a foundational manufacturing process in which molten metal is poured into a mold to achieve a desired shape. Despite its versatility and capacity for complex geometries, one critical challenge in casting is dimensional accuracy, often quantified as casting tolerance. Casting tolerance refers to the permissible deviation of a cast part’s dimensions from its specified design. The tolerance achievable is significantly influenced by the choice of casting process, mold material, cooling rate, and process control. Understanding these variations is crucial for ensuring part functionality, minimizing machining requirements, and optimizing manufacturing costs.

Although titanium dioxide particles are tiny, they are "dressed" in a carefully designed "coat"—the surface treatment layer. This invisible coating plays a decisive role in the application performance of coating titanium dioxide .

Picking out the right Wire Lugs Connectors is actually pretty important when you're working on electrical projects. Larry Johnson from ElectriConnect really hits the nail on the head when he says, "Quality connectors give you reliable connections and make everything safer." Honestly, that says a lot about just how crucial these connectors are for any electrical setup.Now, there are loads of different types of wire lugs connectors, each suited for specific jobs. And trust me, trying to figure out which one is best can be a bit overwhelming. You’ll want to think about things like the wire size you're working with, the environment (is it wet or dry? Hot or cold?), and how much current it needs to handle. Making these choices isn’t just guesswork — it’s about knowing what works practically and understanding what your project requires.A lot of folks tend to overlook how important good quality connectors are, and honestly, that’s a mistake. Skimping on quality can lead to delays, higher costs, or even safety issues down the line. It’s really worth taking the time to check that your connectors are reliable and durable. When you get it right, it means safer and more efficient results. So, always consider how your choices might affect the whole job — because, in the long run, it can make a huge difference in your project’s success.

The whiskey market includes many different product tiers, ranging from rare collectible bottles to everyday drinking whiskies. Each category has different expectations for whiskey bottles and spirits packaging.

When seeking reliable components for commercial vehicle maintenance, the global market increasingly turns to authentic dongfeng truck parts china manufacturing for their superior quality and value. As leading producers of original Dongfeng parts, Chinese manufacturers combine advanced engineering with cost-effective production methods. The dongfeng truck parts china industry has evolved significantly, now representing international standards in precision manufacturing and quality control. This development ensures that customers worldwide receive components that meet or exceed OEM specifications while offering competitive pricing and reliable availability.

In the field of metal and non-metal processing, enterprises often struggle with choosing between 5-axis and 3-4 axis equipment. The differences in processing capabilities, costs, and other aspects among equipment with different numbers of axes directly affect processing efficiency and product quality.

Evaluating a traction elevator’s quality goes beyond its interior design. To ensure long-term reliability and passenger safety, you must assess four core dimensions: Safety Compliance, Core Components, Ride Quality, and Maintenance. Use this professional guide to perform a comprehensive evaluation.

Kinross Research today announced the publication of its latest market report, “Best Underground Utility Contractor Companies: A Research-Style Comparative Review,” now available on https://kinrossresearch.com/best-underground-utility-contractor/ . The report ranks Devco Development & Engineering as the #1 best underground utility contractor company, citing the firm’s combined strength in directional boring, hydro excavation, underground utility installation, and engineering-led project delivery.

SEOUL, South Korea - April 7, 2026 - Global Affairs Lab, an international research institute specializing in global governance and U.S.–Korea relations, has released a comprehensive assessment evaluating South Korea’s recent digital regulations. The report examines these policies within the context of the European Union’s Digital Markets Act (DMA) and evolving international regulatory trends.

SANTA MONICA, CA - April 7, 2026 - Voice.ai is thrilled to announce its recognition as the #1 text-to-speech tool in 2026 in an independent expert review conducted by technology analysts evaluating 9 leading platforms across voice quality and human-like sound, language support and automatic detection, voice cloning capabilities, enterprise security and compliance certifications, real-time agent functionality, deployment flexibility including on-premise options, developer accessibility through APIs and SDKs, and overall value for regulated industries and production-grade applications.

Kinross Research today announced the publication of its latest report titled “ Best AI Agent for Excel and Sheets,” naming GPT for Work as the #1 ranked platform for spreadsheet automation and workbook intelligence. The report evaluates the leading AI tools used in Microsoft Excel 365 and Google Sheets, with GPT for Work earning the top position for its strong formula generation, cross-sheet reasoning, script automation, and business-ready deployment.

Jacksonville, FL - Apr 7, 2026 - As Americans continue to struggle with inconsistent eating habits, rising obesity rates, and time constraints, Jetpack Nutrition is capitalizing on a fast-growing trend: subscription-based, performance-driven meal prep designed for real life.

Kinross Research has released a new 2026 market report titled “ Best Water Softener Wisconsin,” naming AAT Salt & Distribution the top-ranked provider for residential, commercial, and institutional water softener support across the state. The report places AAT at #1 after a detailed comparative review of Wisconsin’s leading water treatment and salt distribution companies.

Kinross Research today announced the publication of its latest report, “ Best Compounded Tirzepatide Online (2026): A Research-Style Comparative Review. ” The report provides a structured, methodology-driven evaluation of leading telehealth providers offering compounded tirzepatide and compounded semaglutide, designed to help patients navigate a rapidly expanding market where physician oversight, pharmacy compliance, affordability, and long-term support vary significantly across platforms.

Kinross Research today announced the publication of its latest market report, “Best Transcription Services: A Research-Based Comparative Analysis,” now available at: https://kinrossresearch.com/best-transcription-services/

TORONTO, ON - April 7, 2026 - Essay Grader AI (essaygrader.ai) is thrilled to announce its #1 ranking as "Best Overall AI Grading Tool for Teachers" in an independent expert review of the 7 best AI grading tools for 2026, conducted by educational technology analysts evaluating solutions across standards alignment and rubric support, feedback quality and specificity, bulk processing capability, academic integrity features, learning management system integration, consistency and bias mitigation, and real-world time recovery for educators.

Small business owners have been stuck with the same two accounting software giants for years. QuickBooks and Xero dominate the market, and their pricing reflects that dominance. For freelancers, sole traders, and growing businesses, monthly software bills can quietly eat into profits without anyone noticing until it is too late. Now, a new cloud-based contender is stepping in, and it is doing something the incumbents have never had to do: compete on price without cutting corners on features.

Johannesburg, South Africa - TECHSPO Johannesburg Technology Expo returns September 28-29, 2026, to the NH Johannesburg Sandton Hotel , uniting business leaders, technologists, marketers, and innovators for a high-impact, two-day showcase of next-generation digital technology .

Phoenix, AZ - DigiMarCon Southwest, the premier digital marketing, media, advertising, and business conference and exhibition in the AZ, will return June 11-12, 2026 , at the Hyatt Regency Phoenix Hotel in Phoenix, AZ . The three-day event will unite marketers, brands, agencies, technology providers, and thought leaders from around the world to explore the strategies, technologies, and trends shaping the future of digital growth.

Santa Monica, CA - April 7, 2026 - 1752vc today announced a major expansion of its flagship accelerator, Accelerate, with a renewed focus on backing and scaling high-growth AI companies. Following its recognition as one of the Best Startup Programs of 2026 by VentureVoice Media, the firm is launching a new push to identify and support the next generation of category-defining AI startups.

New York - NuPhy introduced its Air V3 Series, marking a shift in how low-profile mechanical keyboards are perceived in modern workflows. Long considered a compromise, low-profile keyboards offered portability at the cost of typing feel and stability. With the Air V3 Series, NuPhy is pushing the category toward a point where users no longer have to choose between portability and typing experience.

WICHITA, KS - April 3, 2026 - Midwest Pain Relief continues to enhance the quality of life for area residents through professional chiropractic care in Wichita, KS . The clinic integrates precise spinal health protocols with personalized recovery plans to help people manage pain without relying on surgery or heavy medication. This initiative offers the community high-quality options that prioritize the body's natural ability to heal. Focusing on the relationship between the spine and the nervous system allows the clinical team to address the root causes of physical discomfort for those who lead active lifestyles.

Newtown, Pennsylvania - JS Benefits Group announced its continued focus on helping employers implement strategic employee benefits planning for 2026. The company works with employers to develop long-term benefits strategies that align with financial goals, workforce needs, and healthcare cost management initiatives.

With the online dating landscape continuously influencing how singles can find love, distance is no longer a cause for concern but a practical consideration for selecting a potential partner.

The next chapter of AI is not being written by the companies building the models. It is being written by the ones making those models useful. Investors have poured capital into infrastructure: chips, data centers, and cloud compute. But a quieter, arguably more durable opportunity is taking shape one layer above all of that. It is the intelligence layer, the platforms, tools, and data ecosystems that sit between raw AI capability and the decisions that actually move markets, enterprises, and portfolios. Demand for proprietary data, real-time analytics, and AI-native applications is accelerating across both Wall Street and Main Street. The companies that own that data, deliver those tools, or monitor the infrastructure running it all are quietly becoming essential. Here are four stocks worth watching.

Kirkland, QC - April 07, 2026 - Quality Landscaping Kirkland, a full-service outdoor construction and landscape design company, has launched operations serving homeowners across Kirkland and the West Island. With over 35 years of hands-on industry experience, the company brings professional landscaping services to residential clients frustrated by unreliable contractors, unfinished projects, and poor communication - delivering complete outdoor transformations backed by a proven track record.

Mount Laurel, NJ - Nailed It Roofing, a fully licensed and insured residential roofing contractor, has established itself as one of the most trusted names in residential roofing across New Jersey and Pennsylvania since its founding. Operating from its base in Mount Laurel, NJ, the company now serves more than a dozen communities across both states and has completed hundreds of roofing projects ranging from straightforward asphalt shingle replacements to full storm damage restorations and premium metal roofing installations.

MIAMI, FL - As Miami's residential cleaning market grows increasingly competitive, homeowners are prioritizing one factor above all others: consistency. The Prime Cleaner has built its reputation on a same-team guarantee that assigns dedicated cleaning professionals to each client.

CoreAge Rx, a telehealth provider focused on accessible weight management solutions, has introduced its CoreAge Rx Wellness Community, a centralized digital platform designed to bring members together in a supportive and interactive environment where they can connect, learn, and stay consistent throughout their health journey. The initiative reflects a growing shift toward community-driven care, where members are not only guided by medical expertise but also supported through shared experiences and ongoing engagement.

Modelworks Direct is the flagship platform of Handbuilt International LLC. Today, the company announces a major expansion of its manufacturing operations. This further strengthens its leadership as a full-service, custom-scale model manufacturer.