NRG Energy, Inc. Reports Third Quarter Results, Initiates 2025 Guidance, and Introduces Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EPS

Strong third quarter 2024 financial and operating results; reaffirming recently raised 2024 guidance
Increasing 2024 share repurchase plan to $925 million, and on target to achieve investment grade credit metrics by the end of 2024
Initiating 2025 financial guidance with long-term Adjusted Earnings per Share (Adjusted EPS) growth target of greater than 10% from raised 2024 guidance
Announcing 2025 capital allocation with $1.355 billion of share repurchases; share repurchase authorization increased by $1 billion to $3.7 billion through 2025
Partnering with Renew Home and Google Cloud to create and operationalize 1 GW of Virtual Power Plant platform capacity in Texas
New build: 415 MW T.H. Wharton peaking generation facility near Houston, selected by the Texas Energy Fund to proceed to due diligence

NRG Energy, Inc. (NYSE: NRG) today reports strong third quarter 2024 financial results and reaffirms its raised guidance ranges.

“We had another excellent quarter, posting strong performance across the company,” said Larry Coben, NRG Chair, President and Chief Executive Officer. “NRG's financial position has never been stronger as evidenced by our raised 2024 guidance and the 2025 guidance we initiated today. We continue to look to add new capacity to our portfolio, and our exciting new partnership with Renew Home provides further validation of our customer-focused strategy.”

Consolidated Financial Results

Table 1:

	Three Months Ended					Nine Months Ended
($ in millions, except per share amounts)	9/30/2024			9/30/2023		9/30/2024		9/30/2023
Net (Loss)/Income	$	(767	)	$	343	$	482	$	(684	)
(Loss)/Income per Weighted Average Common Share — Basic	$	(3.79	)	$	1.42	$	2.08	$	(3.14	)
Adjusted EBITDA^a	$	1,055		$	987	$	2,887	$	2,458
Adjusted Net Income^b	$	393		$	360	$	1,066	$	849
Adjusted EPS^c	$	1.90		$	1.57	$	5.15	$	3.69
Cash Provided/(Used) by Operating Activities	$	31		$	566	$	1,354	$	(462	)
Free Cash Flow Before Growth Investments (FCFbG)	$	815		$	355	$	1,438	$	983

^aAdjusted EBITDA recast to exclude all impacts of amortization of capitalized contract costs related to fulfillment, now reflected in depreciation and amortization referenced below

^bNot previously provided, Adjusted Net Income as shown here is ‘Adjusted Net Income available for common stockholders’; see appendix tables A-1-A-6

^cNot previously provided, Adjusted EPS calculated based on Adjusted Net Income divided by weighted average number of common shares outstanding - basic

For the third quarter of 2024, GAAP Net Loss was $(767) million as a result of the impact of unrealized non-cash mark-to-market losses on commodity hedges, and GAAP Cash Provided by Operating Activities was $31 million. NRG produced Adjusted EBITDA of $1,055 million and Free Cash Flow before Growth Investments of $815 million in the quarter, an increase of $68 million and $460 million, respectively, over the same period in the prior year. Year-over-year improved financial performance was driven primarily by margin expansion across all NRG reporting segments.

Introduction of Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EPS Metrics

NRG is introducing new metrics to enhance its financial reporting. Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EPS offer additional insight into the performance of the Company, and highlight the maturity and predictability of NRG's integrated platform and robust capital return program. The Company will continue to report and provide guidance on Adjusted EBITDA and FCFbG alongside Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EPS to ensure transparency and to allow for continuity of analysis.

Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EPS are both non-GAAP measures. The Company defines Adjusted EPS as the Adjusted Net Income available to common shareholders, divided by the weighted average number of basic common shares outstanding. With the retirement of the callable and fully hedged Convertible Senior Notes scheduled to occur in 2025, the weighted average number of basic common shares outstanding will provide a more accurate view of recurring per-share earnings.

The Company calculates Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EPS metrics using an adjusted effective tax rate. Actual cash taxes are materially lower than book income tax expense due to NRG's tax attributes, primarily comprised of sizable gross Net Operating Losses (NOL), which are forecasted to be $7.2 billion as of December 31, 2024.

The Company has also recast all amortization of capitalized customer acquisition costs from selling general & administrative expenses and cost of operations into the depreciation and amortization line item of the Company's financial statements. All reported figures have been updated to reflect this change, and historical periods have been recast to aid with comparison. This recast only affects Adjusted EBITDA and has no impact on Adjusted Net Income, Adjusted EPS, or FCFbG.

Raised 2024 Guidance

On September 25, 2024, NRG raised its 2024 Adjusted EBITDA guidance to $3,525 - $3,675 million from $3,300 - $3,550 million and FCFbG guidance to $1,975 - $2,125 million from $1,825 - $2,075 million. With the recasting of the amortization of capitalized customer acquisition costs described above, the 2024 Adjusted EBITDA guidance issued on September 25, 2024 is now $3,655 - $3,805 million, an increase of $130 million. 2024 FCFbG guidance is not changed by the recasting of capitalized contract costs which are non-cash items.

NRG is also providing 2024 ranges for Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EPS of $1,235 - $1,385 and $5.95 - $6.75, respectively. In the third quarter 2024, the Company earned $393 million of Adjusted Net Income and $1.90 of Adjusted EPS.

Table 2: Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted Net Income, Adjusted EPS, and FCFbG Guidance for 2024^a

	2024	2024
($ in millions, except per share amounts)	Original Guidance	Raised Guidance
Adjusted EBITDA^b	$3,430 - $3,680	$3,655 - $3,805
Adjusted Net Income^c	$1,040 - $1,290	$1,235 - $1,385
Adjusted EPS^d	$5.00 - $6.30	$5.95 - $6.75
FCFbG	$1,825 - $2,075	$1,975 - $2,125

^a Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted Net Income, Adjusted EPS and FCFbG are non-GAAP financial measures; see Appendix Tables A-10-A-12 for GAAP Reconciliation. Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EPS exclude fair value adjustments related to derivatives. The Company does not guide to GAAP Net Income due to the impact of such fair value adjustments related to derivatives in a given year

^b Adjusted EBITDA recast to exclude all impacts of amortization of capitalized contract costs related to fulfillment, now reflected in depreciation and amortization

^cNot previously provided, Adjusted Net Income as shown here is ‘Adjusted Net Income available for common stockholders’; see appendix table A-10 and A-11 for GAAP Reconciliations

^dNot previously provided, Adjusted EPS calculated based on Adjusted Net Income divided by forecasted weighted average number of common shares outstanding - basic

2024 Capital Allocation

NRG reaffirms its capital allocation policy targeting approximately 80% of recurring cash available for allocation after debt reduction to return of capital, and approximately 20% to strategic growth. The Company is increasing its share repurchase allocation for 2024 from $825 million to $925 million. Through the third quarter of 2024, the Company continued to repurchase shares in the open market, with $544 million completed as of October 31, 2024. The Company expects to complete the entire $925 million of 2024 repurchases near the end of the fourth quarter.

As of September 30, 2024, NRG has executed approximately $1.6 billion of debt reduction since the closing of the Vivint acquisition in March 2023. The Company had set a goal of achieving investment grade credit metrics by the end of 2025, and as a result of its strategic liability management plan and financial out-performance, NRG is on track to achieve its target by the end of 2024, a full year earlier than the original target.

On October 11, 2024, the Board of Directors declared a quarterly dividend on the Company's common stock of $0.4075 per share, or $1.63 per share on an annualized basis. The dividend is payable on November 15, 2024, to stockholders of record as of November 1, 2024.

Initiating 2025 Guidance and Capital Allocation Plan

NRG initiates 2025 guidance as follows:

Table 3: Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted Net Income, Adjusted EPS, and FCFbG Guidance for 2025^a

	2024	2025	2025
($ in millions, except per share amounts)	Raised Guidance	Guidance	Guidance Midpoint
Adjusted EBITDA^b	$3,655 - $3,805	$3,725 - $3,975	$3,850
Adjusted Net Income^c	$1,235 - $1,385	$1,330 - $1,530	$1,430
Adjusted EPS^d	$5.95 - $6.75	$6.75 - $7.75	$7.25
FCFbG	$1,975 - $2,125	$1,975 - $2,225	$2,100

^b Adjusted EBITDA recast to exclude all impacts of amortization of capitalized contract costs related to fulfillment, now reflected in depreciation and amortization

^cNot previously provided, Adjusted Net Income as shown here is ‘Adjusted Net Income available for common stockholders’; see appendix table A-10 and A-11 for GAAP Reconciliation

^dNot previously provided, Adjusted EPS calculated based on Adjusted Net Income divided by forecasted weighted average number of common shares outstanding - basic

The year-over-year increases in the guidance ranges reflect continued improved execution across all of NRG's businesses, and the expected achievement of NRG's previously announced revenue and cost synergy programs which more than offset the loss of Airtron's financial contribution due to the sale of the business. The guidance ranges reflect a flat power price environment and are not dependent on tightening power markets or price speculation, and do not include any potential contributions from sites, or other similar opportunities.

The Company is also announcing its 2025 capital allocation plan which adheres to its previously announced policy. The plan includes $1.3 billion in share repurchases and an 8% increase of the annual common dividend to $1.76 per share. NRG's Board of Directors has approved an increase of the Company's share repurchase authorization through 2025 to $3.7 billion from $2.7 billion.

NRG's share repurchase program and common stock dividend are subject to maintaining satisfactory credit metrics, available capital, market conditions, and compliance with associated laws and regulations. The timing and amount of any shares of NRG’s common stock repurchased under the share repurchase authorization will be determined by NRG’s management based on market conditions and other factors. NRG will only repurchase shares when management believes it would not jeopardize the Company’s ability to maintain satisfactory credit ratings.

Long-Term Adjusted EPS Growth

NRG plans to deliver a long-term cumulative annual growth rate (CAGR) for Adjusted EPS of greater than 10% measured from the midpoint of its raised 2024 guidance. The Company projects this long-term growth rate utilizing a flat power price environment and is not dependent on tightening markets or power price speculation. This projected growth rate also excludes potential earnings uplift from the 21 sites and ERCOT natural gas new build projects not selected by the Texas Energy Fund (TEF). Rather, the CAGR is derived from the Company's organic growth plan comprised of identified initiatives resulting in an incremental $750 million of annual run-rate Adjusted EBITDA by 2029, and over $8 billion of cumulative return of capital from 2025 through 2029.

Strategic Developments

Partnering with Renew Home and Google Cloud to Develop Virtual Power Plant

NRG has entered into a definitive partnership agreement with Renew Home, a leading Virtual Power Plant platform (VPP) formed by the combination of Google's Nest Renew and OhmConnect. This first-of-its-kind commercial partnership reinforces NRG's customer focus and brings to market unique products and services which will help customers save money while enjoying the benefits of a seamless energy and smart home experience. Leveraging Google Cloud's AI and cloud platforms, NRG and Renew Home plan to develop a VPP portfolio of up to 1 GW of load management capacity, with instantaneous dispatch value during peak events and tight supply conditions. Participating customers will enroll in an NRG branded energy plan and will be eligible for favorable rates on Vivint Smart Home services and additional products. The partnership will initially focus in Texas, with Renew Home supporting upfront customer acquisition costs and Google Nest integration.

Texas Energy Fund

The Public Utilities Commission of Texas (PUCT) selected NRG's 415 MW new build of the T.H. Wharton peaking facility to move forward through its next phase of diligence.

Airtron HVAC Sale

On September 16, 2024, NRG closed the sale of its HVAC business unit Airtron for a purchase price of $500 million and net cash proceeds of $484 million, with approximately $425 million expected after taxes and fees. Airtron is a leading installer of HVAC systems for residential new construction homes and was acquired as part of the Direct Energy acquisition in 2021. The opportunistic divestiture was completed at an accretive 8.6x multiple on 2023 Adjusted EBITDA.

Segments Results

Table 4: Net (Loss)/Income

($ in millions)	Three Months Ended						Nine Months Ended
Segment	9/30/2024			9/30/2023			9/30/2024			9/30/2023
Texas	$	(1,056	)	$	463		$	259		$	1,532
East		88			316			1,116			(1,187	)
West/Services/Other^a		230			(432	)		(842	)		(963	)
Vivint Smart Home^b	$	(29	)	$	(4	)	$	(51	)	$	(66	)
Net (Loss)/Income	$	(767	)	$	343		$	482		$	(684	)

^a Includes Corporate segment

^b Vivint Smart Home acquired in March 2023

Net Loss for the third quarter of 2024 was $(767) million, $1.1 billion lower than the third quarter of 2023. This was primarily driven by higher unrealized non-cash mark-to-market losses on economic hedges in Texas in 2024 impacted by a decrease in ERCOT forward power prices, partially offset by the gain on the sale of Airtron recorded in September of 2024. Certain hedge positions are required to be marked-to-market every period, while the customer contracts related to these items are not, resulting in temporary unrealized losses or gains on the economic hedges that are not reflective of the expected economics at future settlement.

Table 5: Adjusted EBITDA

($ in millions)	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
Segment	9/30/2024		9/30/2023		9/30/2024		9/30/2023
Texas	$	584	$	552	$	1,255	$	1,310
East		164		171		724		562
West/Services/Other^a		50		25		179		51
Vivint Smart Home^b	$	257	$	239	$	729	$	535
Adjusted EBITDA^c	$	1,055	$	987	$	2,887	$	2,458

^a Includes Corporate segment

^b Vivint Smart Home acquired in March 2023

^c Adjusted EBITDA recast to exclude all impacts of amortization of capitalized contract costs related to fulfillment, now reflected in depreciation and amortization

Texas: Third quarter Adjusted EBITDA was $584 million, $32 million higher than the third quarter of 2023. This increase was a result of higher gross margin including lower supply costs and higher revenue rates, partially offset by asset sales in 2023.

East: Third quarter Adjusted EBITDA was $164 million, $7 million lower than the third quarter of 2023. This decrease was driven by higher operating expenses, partially offset by increased retail natural gas margins and increased customer counts.

West/Services/Other: Third quarter Adjusted EBITDA was $50 million, $25 million higher than the third quarter of 2023. This increase was primarily driven by lower retail power supply costs, partially offset by timing of outages at Cottonwood.

Vivint Smart Home: Third quarter Adjusted EBITDA was $257 million, $18 million higher than the third quarter of 2023. The 8% increase was attributable to growth in subscriber count, an increase in monthly recurring revenue per subscriber, and a decrease in monthly recurring net service cost per subscriber.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Table 6: Corporate Liquidity

($ in millions)	9/30/24		12/31/23
Cash and Cash Equivalents	$	1,104	$	541
Restricted Cash		10		24
Total		1,114		565
Total Revolving Credit Facility and collective collateral facilities		5,330		4,278
Total Liquidity, excluding collateral deposited by counterparties	$	6,444	$	4,843

As of September 30, 2024, NRG's unrestricted cash was $1.1 billion and $5.3 billion was available under the Company’s credit facilities. Total liquidity increased $1.6 billion from the end of 2023 to $6.4 billion, primarily due to an increase in availability of $1.1 billion in the Receivables Facility and proceeds on hand from the Airtron sale, partly offset by $210 million in other facilities.

Earnings Conference Call

On November 8, 2024, NRG will host a conference call at 9:00 a.m. Eastern (8:00 a.m. Central) to discuss these results. Investors, the news media and others may access the live webcast of the conference call and accompanying presentation materials through the investor relations website under “presentations and webcasts” on investors.nrg.com. The webcast will be archived on the site for those unable to listen in real-time.

About NRG

NRG Energy is a leading energy and home services company powered by people and our passion for a smarter, cleaner, and more connected future. A Fortune 500 company operating in the United States and Canada, NRG delivers innovative solutions that help people, organizations, and businesses achieve their goals while also advocating for competitive energy markets and customer choice. More information is available at www.nrg.com. Connect with NRG on Facebook and LinkedIn, and follow us on X (formerly known as Twitter), @nrgenergy.

Forward-Looking Statements

In addition to historical information, the information presented in this press release includes forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Exchange Act. These statements involve estimates, expectations, projections, goals, assumptions, known and unknown risks and uncertainties and can typically be identified by terminology such as “may,” “should,” “could,” “objective,” “projection,” “forecast,” “goal,” “guidance,” “outlook,” “expect,” “intend,” “seek,” “plan,” “think,” “anticipate,” “estimate,” “predict,” “target,” “potential” or “continue” or the negative of these terms or other comparable terminology. Such forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, statements about the Company’s future revenues, income, indebtedness, capital structure, plans, expectations, objectives, projected financial performance and/or business results and other future events, and views of economic and market conditions.

Although NRG believes that its expectations are reasonable, it can give no assurance that these expectations will prove to be correct, and actual results may vary materially. Factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those contemplated herein include, among others, general economic conditions, hazards customary in the power industry, weather conditions and extreme weather events, competition in wholesale power, gas and smart home markets, the volatility of energy and fuel prices, failure of customers or counterparties to perform under contracts, changes in the wholesale power and gas markets, changes in government or market regulations, the condition of capital markets generally and NRG’s ability to access capital markets, NRG’s ability to execute its supply strategy, risks related to data privacy, cyberterrorism and inadequate cybersecurity, the loss of data, unanticipated outages at NRG’s generation facilities, NRG’s ability to achieve its net debt targets, adverse results in current and future litigation, complaints, product liability claims and/or adverse publicity, failure to identify, execute or successfully implement acquisitions or asset sales, risks of the smart home and security industry, including risks of and publicity surrounding the sales, subscriber origination and retention process, the impact of changes in consumer spending patterns, consumer preferences, geopolitical tensions, demographic trends, supply chain disruptions, NRG’s ability to implement value enhancing improvements to plant operations and company wide processes, NRG’s ability to achieve or maintain investment grade credit metrics, NRG’s ability to proceed with projects under development or the inability to complete the construction of such projects on schedule or within budget, the inability to maintain or create successful partnering relationships, NRG’s ability to operate its business efficiently, NRG’s ability to retain customers, the ability to successfully integrate businesses of acquired companies, including Vivint Smart Home, NRG’s ability to realize anticipated benefits of transactions (including expected cost savings and other synergies) or the risk that anticipated benefits may take longer to realize than expected, NRG’s ability to execute its capital allocation plan. Achieving investment grade credit metrics is not an indication of or guarantee that the Company will receive investment grade credit ratings. Debt and share repurchases may be made from time to time subject to market conditions and other factors, including as permitted by United States securities laws. Furthermore, any common stock dividend is subject to available capital and market conditions.

NRG undertakes no obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as required by law. The Adjusted EBITDA, cash provided by operating activities and Free Cash Flow before Growth, Adjusted Net Income, and Adjusted EPS guidance are estimates as of November 8, 2024. These estimates are based on assumptions NRG believed to be reasonable as of that date. NRG disclaims any current intention to update such guidance, except as required by law. The foregoing review of factors that could cause NRG’s actual results to differ materially from those contemplated in the forward-looking statements included in this press release should be considered in connection with information regarding risks and uncertainties that may affect NRG's future results included in NRG's filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission at www.sec.gov. For a more detailed discussion of these factors, see the information under the captions “Risk Factors” and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in NRG’s most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K, and in subsequent SEC filings. NRG’s forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this communication or as of the date they are made.

NRG ENERGY, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (Unaudited)

	Three months ended September 30,						Nine months ended September 30,
(In millions, except for per share amounts)		2024			2023			2024			2023
Revenue
Revenue	$	7,223		$	7,946		$	21,311		$	22,016
Operating Costs and Expenses
Cost of operations (excluding depreciation and amortization shown below)		7,239			6,406			17,229			20,137
Depreciation and amortization		352			359			1,045			921
Impairment losses		—			—			15			—
Selling, general and administrative costs (excluding amortization of customer acquisition costs of $55, $36, $144 and $84, respectively, which are included in depreciation and amortization shown separately above)		645			602			1,739			1,502
Acquisition-related transaction and integration costs		7			18			22			111
Total operating costs and expenses		8,243			7,385			20,050			22,671
Gain on sale of assets		208			—			209			202
Operating (Loss)/Income		(812	)		561			1,470			(453	)
Other Income/(Expense)
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates		6			6			13			16
Other income, net		5			14			38			43
Loss on debt extinguishment		—			—			(260	)		—
Interest expense		(213	)		(173	)		(528	)		(472	)
Total other expense		(202	)		(153	)		(737	)		(413	)
(Loss)/Income Before Income Taxes		(1,014	)		408			733			(866	)
Income tax (benefit)/expense		(247	)		65			251			(182	)
Net (Loss)/Income	$	(767	)	$	343		$	482		$	(684	)
Less: Cumulative dividends attributable to Series A Preferred Stock		17			17			51			38
Net (Loss)/Income Available for Common Stockholders	$	(784	)	$	326		$	431		$	(722	)
(Loss)/Income per Share
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding — basic		207			230			207			230
(Loss)/Income per Weighted Average Common Share — Basic	$	(3.79	)	$	1.42		$	2.08		$	(3.14	)
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding — diluted		207			232			213			230
(Loss)/Income per Weighted Average Common Share —Diluted	$	(3.79	)	$	1.41		$	2.02		$	(3.14	)

NRG ENERGY, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE (LOSS)/INCOME (Unaudited)

	Three months ended September 30,						Nine months ended September 30,
(In millions)		2024			2023			2024			2023
Net (Loss)/Income	$	(767	)	$	343		$	482		$	(684	)
Other Comprehensive (Loss)/Income
Foreign currency translation adjustments		6			(8	)		(4	)		—
Defined benefit plans		(8	)		1			(10	)		—
Other comprehensive (loss)/income		(2	)		(7	)		(14	)		—
Comprehensive (Loss)/Income	$	(769	)	$	336		$	468		$	(684	)

NRG ENERGY, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

	September 30, 2024			December 31, 2023
(In millions, except share data)	(Unaudited)			(Audited)
ASSETS
Current Assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$	1,104		$	541
Funds deposited by counterparties		12			84
Restricted cash		10			24
Accounts receivable, net		3,258			3,542
Inventory		540			607
Derivative instruments		2,456			3,862
Cash collateral paid in support of energy risk management activities		449			441
Prepayments and other current assets		782			626
Total current assets		8,611			9,727
Property, plant and equipment, net		1,818			1,763
Other Assets
Equity investments in affiliates		49			42
Operating lease right-of-use assets, net		172			179
Goodwill		5,018			5,079
Customer relationships, net		1,648			2,164
Other intangible assets, net		1,439			1,763
Derivative instruments		1,747			2,293
Deferred income taxes		2,098			2,251
Other non-current assets		1,124			777
Total other assets		13,295			14,548
Total Assets	$	23,724		$	26,038

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Current Liabilities
Current portion of long-term debt and finance leases	$	258		$	620
Current portion of operating lease liabilities		77			90
Accounts payable		1,994			2,325
Derivative instruments		2,351			4,019
Cash collateral received in support of energy risk management activities		12			84
Deferred revenue current		761			720
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities		1,895			1,642
Total current liabilities		7,348			9,500
Other Liabilities
Long-term debt and finance leases		10,422			10,133
Non-current operating lease liabilities		125			128
Derivative instruments		1,469			1,488
Deferred income taxes		8			22
Deferred revenue non-current		919			914
Other non-current liabilities		913			947
Total other liabilities		13,856			13,632
Total Liabilities		21,204			23,132
Commitments and Contingencies
Stockholders' Equity
Preferred stock; 10,000,000 shares authorized; 650,000 Series A shares issued and outstanding at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, aggregate liquidation preference of $650; at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023		650			650
Common stock; $0.01 par value; 500,000,000 shares authorized; 264,056,285 and 267,330,470 shares issued and 204,929,327 and 208,130,950 shares outstanding at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively		3			3
Additional paid-in-capital		3,145			3,416
Retained earnings		977			820
Treasury stock, at cost; 59,126,958 shares and 59,199,520 shares at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively		(2,150	)		(1,892	)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss		(105	)		(91	)
Total Stockholders' Equity		2,520			2,906
Total Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity	$	23,724		$	26,038

NRG ENERGY, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Unaudited)

	Nine months ended September 30,
(In millions)		2024			2023
Cash Flows from Operating Activities
Net Income/(Loss)	$	482		$	(684	)
Adjustments to reconcile net income/(loss) to cash provided/(used) by operating activities:
Equity in and distributions from earnings of unconsolidated affiliates		(6	)		(16	)
Depreciation of property, plant and equipment and amortization of customer relationships and other intangible assets		814			813
Amortization of capitalized contract costs		231			108
Accretion of asset retirement obligations		29			14
Provision for credit losses		228			165
Amortization of nuclear fuel		—			42
Amortization of financing costs and debt discounts		32			42
Loss on debt extinguishment		260			—
Amortization of in-the-money contracts and emissions allowances		83			111
Amortization of unearned equity compensation		82			87
Net gain on sale of assets and disposal of assets		(197	)		(187	)
Impairment losses		15			—
Changes in derivative instruments		268			1,553
Changes in current and deferred income taxes and liability for uncertain tax benefits		134			(225	)
Changes in collateral deposits in support of risk management activities		(80	)		(1,188	)
Changes in nuclear decommissioning trust liability		—			(4	)
Changes in other working capital		(1,021	)		(1,093	)
Cash provided/(used) by operating activities	$	1,354		$	(462	)
Cash Flows from Investing Activities
Payments for acquisitions of businesses and assets, net of cash acquired	$	(33	)	$	(2,502	)
Capital expenditures		(286	)		(493	)
Net purchases of emissions allowances		(16	)		(25	)
Investments in nuclear decommissioning trust fund securities		—			(293	)
Proceeds from the sale of nuclear decommissioning trust fund securities		—			280
Proceeds from sales of assets, net of cash disposed		495			229
Proceeds from insurance recoveries for property, plant and equipment, net		3			173
Cash provided/(used) by investing activities	$	163		$	(2,631	)
Cash Flows from Financing Activities
Proceeds from issuance of preferred stock, net of fees	$	—		$	635
Payments of dividends to preferred and common stockholders		(322	)		(295	)
Equivalent shares purchased in lieu of tax withholdings		(45	)		(19	)
Payments for share repurchase activity		(316	)		(50	)
Net (payments)/receipts from settlement of acquired derivatives that include financing elements		(2	)		332
Net proceeds of Revolving Credit Facility and Receivable Securitization Facilities		—			300
Proceeds from issuance of long-term debt		875			731
Payments of debt issuance costs		(13	)		(29	)
Repayments of long-term debt and finance leases		(960	)		(15	)
Payments for debt extinguishment costs		(258	)		—
Proceeds from credit facilities		1,050			3,020
Repayments to credit facilities		(1,050	)		(3,020	)
Cash (used)/provided by financing activities	$	(1,041	)	$	1,590
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents		1			—
Net Increase/(Decrease) in Cash and Cash Equivalents, Funds Deposited by Counterparties and Restricted Cash		477			(1,503	)
Cash and Cash Equivalents, Funds Deposited by Counterparties and Restricted Cash at Beginning of Period		649			2,178
Cash and Cash Equivalents, Funds Deposited by Counterparties and Restricted Cash at End of Period	$	1,126		$	675

Appendix Table A-1: Third Quarter 2024 Adjusted EBITDA Reconciliation by Operating Segment and Consolidated Adjusted EPS Reconciliation

The following table summarizes the calculation of Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EPS and provides a reconciliation from Net (Loss)/Income¹:

($ in millions, except per share amounts)	Texas			East			West/Services/ Other			Vivint Smart Home			Corp/Elim			Total
Net (Loss)/Income	$	(1,056	)	$	88		$	148		$	(29	)	$	82		$	(767	)
Plus:
Interest expense, net		1			1			7			74			122			205
Income tax		—			1			—			(8	)		(240	)		(247	)
Depreciation and amortization²		81			39			23			198			11			352
ARO Expense		11			14			1			—			—			26
Contract and emission credit amortization, net		5			(4	)		4			—			—			5
EBITDA		(958	)		139			183			235			(25	)		(426	)
Stock-based compensation		6			2			2			15			—			25
Adjustment to reflect NRG share of adjusted EBITDA in unconsolidated affiliates		—			—			2			—			—			2
Acquisition and divestiture integration and transaction costs		—			—			—			1			8			9
Cost to achieve		—			—			—			—			6			6
Deactivation costs		—			4			—			—			—			4
(Gain) on sale of assets		—			—			(208	)		—			—			(208	)
Other and non-recurring charges		(1	)		10			—			6			(2	)		13
Mark to market (MtM) losses on economic hedges		1,537			9			84			—			—			1,630
Adjusted EBITDA	$	584		$	164		$	63		$	257		$	(13	)	$	1,055
Interest expense, net																	(205	)
Depreciation and amortization																	(352	)
Adjusted Income before income taxes																	498
Adjusted income tax³																	(88	)
Adjusted Net Income before Preferred Stock dividends																	410
Cumulative dividends attributable to Series A Preferred Stock																	(17	)
Adjusted Net Income⁴																	393
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding - basic																	207
Adjusted EPS																$	1.90

¹ Adjusted EBITDA recast to exclude all impacts of amortization of capitalized contract costs related to fulfillment, now reflected in depreciation and amortization

²Depreciation and amortization recast to include impact of amortization of capitalized contract costs

³Income tax calculated using Adjusted effective tax rate (ETR) on Adjusted Income before income taxes. Adjusted ETR includes impact of NRG’s tax credits, consisting of incentive tax credit in connection with renewable projects as well as production tax credits for carbon recapture for pre-IRA periods

⁴Adjusted Net Income as shown here is ‘Adjusted Net Income available for common stockholders’

Third Quarter 2024 condensed financial information by Operating Segment:

($ in millions)	Texas		East		West/Services/ Other			Vivint Smart Home		Corp/Elim			Total
Revenue¹	$	3,301	$	2,606	$	828		$	499	$	(11	)	$	7,223
Cost of fuel, purchased power and other cost of sales²		2,222		2,166		651			37		(5	)		5,071
Economic gross margin		1,079		440		177			462		(6	)		2,152
Operations & maintenance and other cost of operations³		240		119		64			66		2			491
Selling, marketing, general and administrative⁴		255		154		64			138		3			614
Other		—		3		(14	)		1		2			(8	)
Adjusted EBITDA	$	584	$	164	$	63		$	257	$	(13	)	$	1,055

¹ Excludes MtM gain of $(8) million and contract amortization of $8 million

² Includes TDSP expense, capacity and emission credits

³ Excludes ARO expenses of $26 million, other and non-recurring charges of $10 million, deactivation costs of $4 million and stock-based compensation of $2 million

⁴ Excludes stock-based compensation of $23 million, cost to achieve of $6 million, acquisition and divestiture integration and transaction costs of $3 million and other and non-recurring charges of $(1) million

The following table reconciles the condensed financial information to Adjusted EBITDA:

($ in millions)	Condensed Consolidated Results of Operations			Interest, tax, depr., amort.			MtM			Deactivation			Other adj.²			Adjusted EBITDA
Revenue	$	7,223		$	8		$	(8	)	$	—		$	—		$	7,223
Cost of operations (excluding depreciation and amortization shown below)¹		6,706			3			(1,638	)		—			—			5,071
Depreciation and Amortization		352			(352	)		—			—			—			—
Gross margin		165			357			1,630			—			—			2,152
Operations & maintenance and other cost of operations		533			—			—			(4	)		(38	)		491
Selling, marketing, general & administrative		645			—			—			—			(31	)		614
Other		(246	)		42			—			—			196			(8	)
Net (Loss)/Income	$	(767	)	$	315		$	1,630		$	4		$	(127	)	$	1,055

¹ Excludes operations & maintenance and other cost of operations of $533 million

² Other adj. includes ARO expenses of $26 million, stock-based compensation of $25 million, other and non-recurring charges of $13 million, acquisition and divestiture integration and transaction costs of $9 million, cost to achieve of $6 million, NRG share of adjusted EBITDA in unconsolidated affiliates of $2 million and gain on sale of assets of $(208) million

Appendix Table A-2: Third Quarter 2023 Adjusted EBITDA Reconciliation by Operating Segment and Consolidated Adjusted EPS Reconciliation

The following table summarizes the calculation of Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EPS and provides a reconciliation from Net Income/(Loss)¹:

($ in millions, except per share amounts)	Texas			East			West/Services/ Other			Vivint Smart Home			Corp/Elim			Total
Net Income/(Loss)	$	463		$	316		$	(168	)	$	(4	)	$	(264	)	$	343
Plus:
Interest expense, net		(1	)		(2	)		6			43			109			155
Income tax		—			(2	)		(37	)		(20	)		124			65
Depreciation and amortization²		84			39			24			203			9			359
ARO Expense		3			6			—			—			—			9
Contract and emission credit amortization, net		5			(16	)		4			—			—			(7	)
EBITDA		554			341			(171	)		222			(22	)		924
Stock-based compensation		4			2			1			19			—			26
Adjustment to reflect NRG share of adjusted EBITDA in unconsolidated affiliates		—			—			3			—			—			3
Acquisition and divestiture integration and transaction costs		—			—			—			2			18			20
Deactivation costs		—			9			2			—			—			11
Other and non-recurring charges³		(48	)		3			(2	)		(4	)		1			(50	)
Mark to market (MtM) losses/(gains) on economic hedges		42			(184	)		195			—			—			53
Adjusted EBITDA	$	552		$	171		$	28		$	239		$	(3	)	$	987
Interest expense, net																	(155	)
Depreciation and amortization																	(359	)
Adjusted Income before income taxes																	473
Adjusted income tax⁴																	(96	)
Adjusted Net Income before Preferred Stock dividends																	377
Cumulative dividends attributable to Series A Preferred Stock																	(17	)
Adjusted Net Income⁵																	360
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding - basic																	230
Adjusted EPS																$	1.57

¹Adjusted EBITDA recast to exclude all impacts of amortization of capitalized contract costs related to fulfillment, now reflected in depreciation and amortization

²Depreciation and amortization recast to include impact of amortization of capitalized contract costs

³ Other and non-recurring includes $(50) million of property insurance proceeds

⁴ Income tax calculated using Adjusted ETR on Adjusted Income before income taxes. Adjusted ETR includes impact of NRG’s tax credits, consisting of incentive tax credit in connection with renewable projects as well as production tax credits for carbon recapture for pre-IRA periods

⁵Adjusted Net Income as shown here is ‘Adjusted Net Income available for common stockholders’

Third Quarter 2023 condensed financial information by Operating Segment:

($ in millions)	Texas			East		West/Services/ Other			Vivint Smart Home		Corp/Elim			Total
Revenue¹	$	3,686		$	2,875	$	987		$	478	$	(5	)	$	8,021
Cost of fuel, purchased power and other cost of sales²		2,659			2,449		844			36		(3	)		5,985
Economic gross margin		1,027			426		143			442		(2	)		2,036
Operations & maintenance and other cost of operations³		256			110		58			56		(1	)		479
Selling, marketing, general & administrative⁴		221			143		64			146		3			577
Other		(2	)		2		(7	)		1		(1	)		(7	)
Adjusted EBITDA	$	552		$	171	$	28		$	239	$	(3	)	$	987

¹ Excludes MtM loss of $70 million and contract amortization of $5 million

² Includes TDSP expense, capacity and emission credits

³Excludes other and non-recurring charges of $(51) million, deactivation costs of $11 million, ARO expense of $9 million and stock-based compensation of $2 million

⁴ Excludes stock-based compensation of $24 million, acquisition and divestiture integration and transaction costs of $2 million and other non-recurring charges of $(1) million

The following table reconciles the condensed financial information to Adjusted EBITDA:

($ in millions)	Condensed Consolidated Results of Operations		Interest, tax, depr., amort.			MtM		Deactivation			Other adj.²			Adjusted EBITDA
Revenue	$	7,946	$	5		$	70	$	—		$	—		$	8,021
Cost of operations (excluding depreciation and amortization shown below)¹		5,956		12			17		—			—			5,985
Depreciation and amortization		359		(359	)		—		—			—			—
Gross margin		1,631		352			53		—			—			2,036
Operations & maintenance and other cost of operations		450		—			—		(11	)		40			479
Selling, marketing, general & administrative		602		—			—		—			(25	)		577
Other		236		(220	)		—		—			(23	)		(7	)
Net Income	$	343	$	572		$	53	$	11		$	8		$	987

¹ Excludes operations & maintenance and other cost of operations of $450 million

² Other adj. includes stock-based compensation of $26 million, acquisition and divestiture integration and transaction costs of $20 million, ARO expenses of $9 million, NRG share of adjusted EBITDA in unconsolidated affiliates of $3 million and other and non-recurring charges of $(50) million

Appendix Table A-3: Third Quarter 2024 and 2023 Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EPS Reconciliations

The following table summarizes the calculation of Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EPS and provides a reconciliation from Net (Loss)/Income¹:

	Three Months Ended
($ in millions, except per share amounts)	September 30, 2024			Earnings/(Loss) per Share, Basic²			Earnings/(Loss) per Share, Diluted²			September 30, 2023			Earnings per Share, Basic²			Earnings per Share, Diluted²
Net (Loss)/Income Available for Common Stockholders	$	(784	)	$	(3.79	)	$	(3.79	)	$	326		$	1.42		$	1.41
Plus:
Dilutive impact adjustment on Net (Loss) Available for Common Stockholders³								0.09
Cumulative dividends attributable to Series A Preferred Stock		17			0.08			0.08			17			0.07			0.07
ARO expense		26			0.13			0.12			9			0.04			0.04
Contract and emission credit amortization, net		5			0.02			0.02			(7	)		(0.03	)		(0.03	)
Stock-based compensation		25			0.12			0.12			26			0.11			0.11
Adjustment to reflect NRG share of adjusted EBITDA in unconsolidated affiliates		2			0.01			0.01			3			0.01			0.01
Acquisition and divestiture integration and transaction costs		9			0.04			0.04			20			0.09			0.09
Cost to achieve		6			0.03			0.03			—			—			—
Deactivation costs		4			0.02			0.02			11			0.05			0.05
(Gain) on sale of assets		(208	)		(1.00	)		(0.98	)		—			—			—
Other and non-recurring charges⁴		13			0.06			0.06			(50	)		(0.22	)		(0.22	)
Mark to market (MtM) loss on economic hedges		1,630			7.87			7.69			53			0.23			0.23
Income Tax⁵		(247	)		(1.19	)		(1.17	)		65			0.28			0.28
Adjusted Income before income taxes		498		$	2.41		$	2.35			473		$	2.06		$	2.04
Adjusted income tax⁶		(88	)		(0.43	)		(0.42	)		(96	)		(0.42	)		(0.41	)
Adjusted Net Income before Preferred Stock dividends		410		$	1.98		$	1.93			377		$	1.64		$	1.63
Cumulative dividends attributable to Series A Preferred Stock		(17	)		(0.08	)		(0.08	)		(17	)		(0.07	)		(0.07	)
Adjusted Net Income⁷	$	393		$	1.90		$	1.85		$	360		$	1.57		$	1.55

¹Items may not sum due to rounding

² Earnings per share amounts are based on weighted average number of common shares outstanding - basic of 207 million and 230 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively, and on weighted average number of common shares outstanding - diluted of 212 million and 232 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively

³Includes the potential dilutive impacts of the Convertible Senior Notes of 3 million shares and equity compensation of 2 million shares for the three months ended September 30, 2024. Under GAAP when there is a net loss, dilutive securities are not included in the diluted share count as they are anti-dilutive. As Adjusted Net Income is in an income position and not a loss position, this line item reflects the impact of the anti-dilutive securities as if they were dilutive

⁴ 2023 other and non-recurring includes $(50) million of property insurance proceeds

⁵Represents GAAP income tax

⁶ Income tax calculated using Adjusted ETR on Adjusted Income before income taxes. Adjusted ETR includes impact of NRG’s tax credits, consisting of incentive tax credit in connection with renewable projects as well as production tax credits for carbon recapture for pre-IRA periods. Other Adjustments are shown on pre-tax basis

⁷Adjusted Net Income as shown here is ‘Adjusted Net Income available for common stockholders’

Appendix Table A-4: YTD Third Quarter 2024 Adjusted EBITDA Reconciliation by Operating Segment and Consolidated Adjusted EPS Reconciliation

The following table summarizes the calculation of Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EPS and provides a reconciliation from Net Income/(Loss)¹:

($ in millions, except per share amounts)	Texas		East			West/ Services/ Other			Vivint Smart Home			Corp/Elim			Total
Net Income/(Loss)	$	259	$	1,116		$	90		$	(51	)	$	(932	)	$	482
Plus:
Interest expense, net		2		3			21			161			299			486
Income tax		—		—			(21	)		(8	)		280			251
Loss on debt extinguishment		—		—			—			—			260			260
Depreciation and amortization²		240		117			96			561			31			1,045
ARO expense		15		13			1			—			—			29
Contract and emission credit amortization, net		7		54			7			—			—			68
EBITDA		523		1,303			194			663			(62	)		2,621
Stock-based compensation³		20		9			4			46			—			79
Adjustment to reflect NRG share of adjusted EBITDA in unconsolidated affiliates		—		—			3			—			—			3
Acquisition and divestiture integration and transaction costs⁴		—		—			—			9			18			27
Cost to achieve⁵		—		—			—			—			23			23
Deactivation costs		—		13			2			—			—			15
Loss/(gain) on sale of assets		4		—			(208	)		—			—			(204	)
Other and non-recurring charges		1		9			12			11			(8	)		25
Impairments		—		—			15			—			—			15
Mark to market (MtM) losses/(gains) on economic hedges		707		(610	)		186			—			—			283
Adjusted EBITDA	$	1,255	$	724		$	208		$	729		$	(29	)	$	2,887
Interest expense, net																(486	)
Depreciation and amortization																(1,045	)
Adjusted Income before income taxes																1,356
Adjusted income tax⁶																(239	)
Adjusted Net Income before Preferred Stock dividends																1,117
Cumulative dividends attributable to Series A Preferred Stock																(51	)
Adjusted Net Income⁷																1,066
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding - basic																207
Adjusted EPS															$	5.15

¹ Adjusted EBITDA recast to exclude all impacts of amortization of capitalized contract costs related to fulfillment, now reflected in depreciation and amortization

²Depreciation and amortization recast to include impact of amortization of capitalized contract costs

³Stock-based compensation excludes $2 million reflected in cost to achieve and $1 million reflected in acquisition and divestiture integration and transaction costs

⁴ Includes stock-based compensation of $1 million

⁵ Includes stock-based compensation of $2 million

⁶Income tax calculated using Adjusted ETR on Adjusted Income before income taxes. Adjusted ETR includes impact of NRG’s tax credits, consisting of incentive tax credit in connection with renewable projects as well as production tax credits for carbon recapture for pre-IRA periods

⁷Adjusted Net Income as shown here is ‘Adjusted Net Income available for common stockholders’

YTD Third Quarter 2024 condensed financial information by Operating Segment:

($ in millions)	Texas		East		West/ Services/ Other			Vivint Smart Home		Corp/Elim			Total
Revenue¹	$	8,297	$	8,655	$	2,950		$	1,434	$	(32	)	$	21,304
Cost of fuel, purchased power and other cost of sales²		5,683		7,176		2,421			108		(17	)		15,371
Economic gross margin		2,614		1,479		529			1,326		(15	)		5,933
Operations & maintenance and other cost of operations³		754		327		177			178		3			1,439
Selling, general and administrative costs⁴		604		426		182			419		6			1,637
Other		1		2		(38	)		—		5			(30	)
Adjusted EBITDA	$	1,255	$	724	$	208		$	729	$	(29	)	$	2,887

¹ Excludes MtM gain of $(32) million and contract amortization of $25 million

² Includes TDSP expense, capacity and emission credits

³ Excludes ARO expense of $29 million, deactivation costs of $15 million, other and non-recurring charges of $10 million and stock-based compensation of $7 million

⁴ Excludes stock-based compensation of $72 million, cost to achieve of $23 million, acquisition and divestiture integration and transaction costs of $5 million and other and non-recurring charges of $2 million

The following table reconciles the condensed financial information to Adjusted EBITDA:

($ in millions)	Condensed Consolidated Results of Operations		Interest, tax, depr., amort.			MtM			Deactivation			Other adj.²			Adjusted EBITDA
Revenue	$	21,311	$	25		$	(32	)	$	—		$	—		$	21,304
Cost of operations (excluding depreciation and amortization shown below)¹		15,729		(43	)		(315	)		—			—			15,371
Depreciation and amortization		1,045		(1,045	)		—			—			—			—
Gross margin		4,537		1,113			283			—			—			5,933
Operations & maintenance and other cost of operations		1,500		—			—			(15	)		(46	)		1,439
Selling, general and administrative costs		1,739		—			—			—			(102	)		1,637
Other		816		(737	)		—			—			(109	)		(30	)
Net Income	$	482	$	1,850		$	283		$	15		$	257		$	2,887

¹Excludes operations & maintenance and other cost of operations of $1,500 million

² Other adj. includes loss on debt extinguishment of $260 million, stock-based compensation of $79 million, ARO expense of $29 million, acquisition and divestiture integration and transaction costs of $27 million, other and non-recurring charges of $25 million, cost to achieve of $23 million, impairments of $15 million, NRG share of adjusted EBITDA in unconsolidated affiliates of $3 million and gain on sale of assets $(204) million

Appendix Table A-5: YTD Third Quarter 2023 Adjusted EBITDA Reconciliation by Operating Segment and Consolidated Adjusted EPS Reconciliation

The following table summarizes the calculation of Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EPS and provides a reconciliation from Net Income/(Loss)¹:

($ in millions, except per share amounts)	Texas			East			West/ Services/ Other			Vivint Smart Home²			Corp/Elim			Total
Net Income/(Loss)	$	1,532		$	(1,187	)	$	(601	)	$	(66	)	$	(362	)	$	(684	)
Plus:
Interest expense, net		2			(12	)		18			97			319			424
Income tax		—			(1	)		(83	)		(20	)		(78	)		(182	)
Depreciation and amortization³		257			122			73			442			27			921
ARO expense		7			7			—			—			—			14
Contract and emission credit amortization, net		9			83			10			—			—			102
EBITDA		1,807			(988	)		(583	)		453			(94	)		595
Stock-based compensation⁴		15			6			3			41			—			65
Adjustment to reflect NRG share of adjusted EBITDA in unconsolidated affiliates		—			—			11			—			—			11
Acquisition and divestiture integration and transaction costs⁵		—			—			—			39			76			115
Deactivation costs		—			19			8			—			—			27
(Gain) on sale of assets		—			(202	)		—			—			—			(202	)
Other and non-recurring charges⁶		(91	)		4			(2	)		2			1			(86	)
Mark to market (MtM) (gains)/losses on economic hedges		(421	)		1,723			631			—			—			1,933
Adjusted EBITDA	$	1,310		$	562		$	68		$	535		$	(17	)	$	2,458
Interest expense, net																	(424	)
Depreciation and amortization																	(921	)
Adjusted Income before income taxes																	1,113
Adjusted income tax⁷																	(226	)
Adjusted Net Income before Preferred Stock dividends																	887
Cumulative dividends attributable to Series A Preferred Stock																	(38	)
Adjusted Net Income⁸																	849
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding - basic																	230
Adjusted EPS																$	3.69

¹ Adjusted EBITDA recast to exclude all impacts of amortization of capitalized contract costs related to fulfillment, now reflected in depreciation and amortization

² Vivint Smart Home acquired in March 2023

³ Depreciation and amortization recast to include impact of amortization of capitalized contract costs

⁴ Stock-based compensation excludes $23 million reflected in acquisition and divestiture integration and transaction costs

⁵Includes stock-based compensation of $23 million

⁶Other and non-recurring includes $(96) million of property insurance proceeds

⁷Income tax calculated using Adjusted ETR on Adjusted Income before income taxes. Adjusted ETR includes impact of NRG’s tax credits, consisting of incentive tax credit in connection with renewable projects as well as production tax credits for carbon recapture for pre-IRA periods

⁸Adjusted Net Income as shown here is ‘Adjusted Net Income available for common stockholders’

YTD Third Quarter 2023 condensed financial information by Operating Segment:

($ in millions)	Texas			East			West/ Services/ Other			Vivint Smart Home¹		Corp/Elim			Total
Revenue²	$	8,235		$	9,485		$	3,164		$	1,070	$	(10	)	$	21,944
Cost of fuel, purchased power and other cost of sales³		5,613			8,193			2,771			82		(6	)		16,653
Economic gross margin		2,622			1,292			393			988		(4	)		5,291
Operations & maintenance and other cost of operations⁴		785			330			185			127		(3	)		1,424
Selling, marketing, general & administrative⁵		530			401			165			326		15			1,437
Other		(3	)		(1	)		(25	)		—		1			(28	)
Adjusted EBITDA	$	1,310		$	562		$	68		$	535	$	(17	)	$	2,458

¹Vivint Smart Home acquired in March 2023

² Excludes MtM gain of $(96) million and contract amortization of $24 million

³ Includes TDSP expense, capacity and emission credits

⁴ Excludes other and non-recurring charges of $(93) million, deactivation costs of $27 million, ARO expense of $14 million and stock-based compensation of $5 million

⁵ Excludes stock-based compensation of $60 million, acquisition and divestiture integration and transaction costs of $4 million and other and non-recurring charges of $1 million

The following table reconciles the condensed financial information to Adjusted EBITDA:

($ in millions)	Condensed Consolidated Results of Operations			Interest, tax, depr., amort.			MtM			Deactivation			Other adj.²			Adjusted EBITDA
Revenue	$	22,016		$	24		$	(96	)	$	—		$	—		$	21,944
Cost of operations (excluding depreciation and amortization shown below)¹		18,760			(78	)		(2,029	)		—			—			16,653
Depreciation and amortization		921			(921	)		—			—			—			—
Gross margin		2,335			1,023			1,933			—			—			5,291
Operations & maintenance and Other cost of operations		1,377			—			—			(27	)		74			1,424
Selling, marketing, general & administrative		1,502			—			—			—			(65	)		1,437
Other		140			(242	)		—			—			74			(28	)
Net (Loss)/Income	$	(684	)	$	1,265		$	1,933		$	27		$	(83	)	$	2,458

¹ Excludes operations & maintenance and other cost of operations of $1,377 million

²Other adj. includes acquisition and divestiture integration and transaction costs of $115 million, stock-based compensation costs of $65 million, ARO expense of $14 million, NRG share of adjusted EBITDA in unconsolidated affiliates of $11 million, gain on sale of assets of $(202) million and other and non-recurring charges of $(86) million

Appendix Table A-6: YTD Third Quarter 2024 and 2023 Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EPS Reconciliations

The following table summarizes the calculation of Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EPS and provides a reconciliation from Net Income/(Loss)¹:

	Nine Months Ended
($ in millions, except per share amounts)	September 30, 2024			Earnings per Share, Basic²			Earnings per Share, Diluted²			September 30, 2023			Earnings/(Loss) per Share, Basic²			Earnings/(Loss) per Share, Diluted²
Net Income/(Loss) Available for Common Stockholders	$	431		$	2.08		$	2.02		$	(722	)	$	(3.14	)	$	(3.14	)
Plus:
Dilutive impact adjustment on Net (Loss) Available for Common Stockholders³																	0.01
Cumulative dividends attributable to Series A Preferred Stock		51			0.25			0.24			38			0.17			0.16
Loss on debt extinguishment		260			1.26			1.22			—			—			—
ARO expense		29			0.14			0.14			14			0.06			0.06
Contract and emission credit amortization, net		68			0.33			0.32			102			0.44			0.44
Stock-based compensation⁴		79			0.38			0.37			65			0.28			0.28
Adjustment to reflect NRG share of adjusted EBITDA in unconsolidated affiliates		3			0.01			0.01			11			0.05			0.05
Acquisition and divestiture integration and transaction costs⁵		27			0.13			0.13			115			0.50			0.50
Cost to achieve⁶		23			0.11			0.11			—			—			—
Deactivation costs		15			0.07			0.07			27			0.12			0.12
(Gain) on sale of assets		(204	)		(0.99	)		(0.96	)		(202	)		(0.88	)		(0.87	)
Other and non-recurring charges⁷		25			0.12			0.12			(86	)		(0.37	)		(0.37	)
Impairments		15			0.07			0.07			—			—			—
Mark to market (MtM) loss on economic hedges		283			1.37			1.33			1,933			8.40			8.37
Income Tax⁸		251			1.21			1.18			(182	)		(0.79	)		(0.79	)
Adjusted Income before income taxes		1,356		$	6.55		$	6.37			1,113		$	4.84		$	4.82
Adjusted income tax⁹		(239	)		(1.15	)		(1.12	)		(226	)		(0.98	)		(0.98	)
Adjusted Net Income before Preferred Stock dividends		1,117		$	5.40		$	5.24			887		$	3.86		$	3.84
Cumulative dividends attributable to Series A Preferred Stock		(51	)		(0.25	)		(0.24	)		(38	)		(0.17	)		(0.16	)
Adjusted Net Income¹⁰	$	1,066		$	5.15		$	5.00		$	849		$	3.69		$	3.68

¹Items may not sum due to rounding

²Earnings per share amounts are based on weighted average number of common shares outstanding - basic of 207 million and 230 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively, and on weighted average number of common shares outstanding - diluted of 213 million and 231 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively

³Includes the potential dilutive impact of equity compensation of 1 million shares for the nine months ended September 30, 2023. Per GAAP when there is a net loss, dilutive securities are not included in the diluted share count as they are anti-dilutive. As Adjusted Net Income is in an income position and not a loss position, this line item reflects the impact of the anti-dilutive securities as if they were dilutive

⁴2024 stock-based compensation excludes $2 million reflected in cost to achieve and $1 million reflected in acquisition and divestiture integration and transaction; 2023 stock-based compensation excludes $23 million reflected in acquisition and divestiture integration and transaction costs

⁵ 2024 includes stock-based compensation of $1 million; 2023 includes stock-based compensation of $23 million

⁶ 2024 includes stock-based compensation of $2 million

⁷2023 other and non-recurring includes $(96) million of property insurance proceeds

⁸Represents GAAP income tax

⁹ Income tax calculated using Adjusted ETR on Adjusted Income before income taxes. Adjusted ETR includes impact of NRG’s tax credits, consisting of incentive tax credit in connection with renewable projects as well as production tax credits for carbon recapture for pre-IRA periods. Other Adjustments are shown on pre-tax basis

¹⁰Adjusted Net Income as shown here is ‘Adjusted Net Income available for common stockholders’

Appendix Table A-7: Three Months Ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 Free Cash Flow before Growth Investments (FCFbG)

The following table summarizes the calculation of FCFbG, providing a reconciliation to Cash provided by operating activities and Adjusted Net Income:

	Three Months Ended
($ in millions)	9/30/24			9/30/23
Adjusted Net Income	$	393		$	360
Cumulative dividends attributable to Series A Preferred Stock		17			17
Interest payments (in excess of)/less than expense		28			(36	)
Depreciation and amortization		352			359
Income tax payments less than expense		82			88
Gross capitalized contract costs¹		(259	)		(265	)
Collateral / working capital / other assets and liabilities²		(582	)		43
Cash provided by operating activities		31			566
Net receipts from settlement of acquired derivatives that include financing elements		10			14
Acquisition and divestiture integration and transaction costs³		28			20
GenOn pension		18			—
Adjustment for change in collateral		740			(167	)
Nuclear decommissioning trust liability		—			(8	)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents		1			(3	)
Adjusted cash provided by operating activities		828			422
Maintenance capital expenditures, net⁴		(55	)		(102	)
Environmental capital expenditures		(7	)		(1	)
Cost of acquisition		49			36
Free Cash Flow before Growth Investments (FCFbG)	$	815		$	355

¹ Gross capitalized contract costs represent the costs directly related and incremental to the origination of new contracts, modification of existing contracts or to the fulfillment of the related subscriber contracts; these costs include installed products, commissions, other compensation and cost of installation of new or upgraded customer contracts; these costs are amortized on a straight-line basis over the expected period of benefit to depreciation and amortization

² Includes the cash impact of Net deferred revenue

³Three months ended 9/30/24 includes $6 million Cost to achieve payments

⁴ Three months ended 9/30/23 includes W.A. Parish Unit 8 insurance recoveries related to property, plant and equipment of $52 million

Appendix Table A-8: Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 Free Cash Flow before Growth Investments (FCFbG)

The following table summarizes the calculation of FCFbG, providing a reconciliation to Cash provided/(used) by operating activities and Adjusted Net Income:

	Nine Months Ended
($ in millions)	9/30/24			9/30/23
Adjusted Net Income	$	1,066		$	849
Cumulative dividends attributable to Series A Preferred Stock		51			38
Interest payments less than expense		34			28
Depreciation and amortization		1,045			921
Income tax payments less than expense		127			186
Gross capitalized contract costs¹		(698	)		(622	)
Collateral/working capital/other assets and liabilities²		(271	)		(1,862	)
Cash provided by/(used by) operating activities		1,354			(462	)
Net (payments)/receipts from settlement of acquired derivatives that include financing elements		(2	)		332
Acquisition and divestiture integration and transaction costs³		63			95
Astoria fees		—			3
Proceeds from sale of land		9			—
GenOn pension		18			—
Encina site improvement		—			7
Adjustment for change in collateral		80			1,188
Nuclear decommissioning trust liability		—			(13	)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents		1			—
Adjusted cash provided by operating activities		1,523			1,150
Maintenance capital expenditures, net⁴		(178	)		(256	)
Environmental capital expenditures		(15	)		(1	)
Cost of acquisition		108			90
Free Cash Flow before Growth Investments (FCFbG)	$	1,438		$	983

² Includes the cash impact of Net deferred revenue

³ Nine months ended 9/30/24 includes $23 million Cost to achieve payments and excludes $3 million non-cash stock-based compensation; nine months ended 9/30/23 excludes $23 million non-cash stock-based compensation

⁴ Nine months ended 9/30/24 includes W.A. Parish Unit 8 insurance recoveries related to property, plant and equipment of $3 million; nine months ended 9/30/23 includes W.A. Parish Unit 8 and Limestone Unit 1 insurance recoveries related to property, plant and equipment of $173 million

Appendix Table A-9: Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024 Sources and Uses of Liquidity

The following table summarizes the sources and uses of liquidity for the nine months ended September 30, 2024:

($ in millions)	Nine months ended September 30, 2024
Sources:
Adjusted cash provided by operating activities	$	1,523
Change in availability under revolving credit facility and collective collateral facilities		1,052
Proceeds from issuance of long-term debt		875
Proceeds from sales of assets, net of cash disposed		495
Uses:
Repayments of long-term debt and finance leases		(960	)
Payments of dividends to preferred and common stockholders		(322	)
Payments for share repurchase activity		(316	)
Payments for debt extinguishment costs		(258	)
Maintenance and environmental capital expenditures, net¹		(192	)
Investments and integration capital expenditures		(91	)
Acquisition and divestiture integration and transaction costs		(58	)
Payments for shares repurchased in lieu of tax withholdings		(45	)
Payments for acquisitions of businesses and assets, net of cash acquired		(33	)
Net purchases of emission allowances		(16	)
Payments of debt issuance costs		(13	)
Cash collateral paid in support of energy risk management activities		(8	)
Other investing and financing		(32	)
Change in Total Liquidity	$	1,601

¹ Includes $3 million of W.A. Parish Unit 8 insurance recoveries related to property, plant and equipment

Appendix Table A-10: Guidance Reconciliations

The following table summarizes the 2024 Original and Raised Guidance calculations of Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EPS and provides a reconciliation from Net Income¹:

	2024 Original	2024 Raised	2025
($ in millions, except per share amounts)	Guidance	Guidance	Guidance
Net Income²	$750 - $1,000	$925 - $1,075	$1,025 - $1,225
Interest expense, net	640	640	635
Income tax³	345	395	390 - 440
Depreciation and amortization⁴	1,420	1,420	1,400
ARO expense	25	25	25
Stock-based compensation	100	100	100
Acquisition and divestiture integration and transaction costs	55	55	20
Other⁵	95	95	130
Adjusted EBITDA	$3,430 - $3,680	$3,655 - $3,805	$3,725 - $3,975
Interest expense, net	(640)	(640)	(635)
Depreciation and amortization	(1,420)	(1,420)	(1,400)
Adjusted Income before income taxes	$1,370 - $1,620	$1,595 - $1,745	$1,690 - $1,940
Adjusted income tax expense⁶	(263)	(293)	(293) - (343)
Adjusted Net Income before Preferred Stock dividends	$1,107 - $1,357	$1,302 - $1,452	$1,397 - 1,597
Cumulative dividends attributable to Series A Preferred Stock	(67)	(67)	(67)
Adjusted Net Income⁷	$1,040 - $1,290	$1,235 - $1,385	$1,330 - $1,530
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding - basic	206	206	197
Adjusted EPS	$5.00 - $6.30	$5.95 - $6.75	$6.75 - $7.75

¹Adjusted EBITDA recast to exclude all impacts of amortization of capitalized contract costs related to fulfillment, now reflected in depreciation and amortization

²The Company does not guide to Net Income due to the impact of fair value adjustments related to derivatives in a given year. For purposes of guidance, fair value adjustments related to derivatives are assumed to be zero

³Represents anticipated GAAP income tax

⁴ Depreciation and amortization recast to include impact of amortization of capitalized contract costs

⁵ Includes adjustments for sale of assets, adjustments to reflect NRG share of Adjusted EBITDA in unconsolidated affiliates, deactivation costs, other non-recurring expenses, and does not include the adjustment for loss on debt extinguishment which was $260 million as of September 30, 2024 and does not include gain on sale of Airtron of $208 million

⁶Income tax calculated using Adjusted ETR on Adjusted Income before income taxes. Adjusted ETR includes impact of NRG’s tax credits, consisting of incentive tax credit in connection with renewable projects as well as production tax credits for carbon recapture for pre-IRA periods. Other Adjustments are shown on pre-tax basis

⁷Adjusted Net Income as shown here is ‘Adjusted Net Income available for common stockholders’; see appendix table A-11 for GAAP Reconciliation

Appendix Table A-11: 2024 and 2025 Guidance Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EPS Reconciliations

The following table summarizes the 2024 Guidance calculations of Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EPS and provides a reconciliation from Net Income¹:

	2024 Original Guidance		2024 Raised Guidance
($ in millions, except per share amounts)	Full Year 2024	Earnings per Share, Basic²	Full Year 2024	Earnings per Share, Basic²
Net Income³	$750 - $1,000	N/A	$925 - $1,075	N/A
Cumulative dividends attributable to Series A Preferred Stock	(67)	N/A	(67)	N/A
Net Income Available for Common Stockholders	$683 - $933	$3.25 - $4.55	$858 - $1,008	$4.10 - $4.90
Plus:
Cumulative dividends attributable to Series A Preferred Stock	67	0.33	67	0.33
ARO Expense	25	0.12	25	0.12
Stock-based compensation	100	0.49	100	0.49
Acquisition and divestiture integration and transaction costs	55	0.27	55	0.27
Other⁴	95	0.46	95	0.46
Income Tax⁵	345	1.67	395	1.92
Adjusted Income before income taxes	$1,370 - $1,620	$6.60 - $7.90	$1,595 - $1,745	$7.70 - $8.50
Adjusted income tax⁶	(263)	(1.28)	(293)	(1.42)
Adjusted Net Income before Preferred Stock dividends	$1,107 - $1,357	$5.35 - $6.65	$1,302 - $1,452	$6.30 - $7.10
Cumulative dividends attributable to Series A Preferred Stock	(67)	(0.33)	(67)	(0.33)
Adjusted Net Income⁷	$1,040 - $1,290	$5.00 - $6.30	$1,235 - $1,385	$5.95 - $6.75

¹Items may not sum due to rounding

² Earnings per share amount is based on weighted average number of common shares outstanding - basic of 206 million for 2024 original and 2024 raised guidance

³ The Company does not guide to Net Income due to the impact of fair value adjustments related to derivatives in a given year. For purposes of guidance, fair value adjustments related to derivatives are assumed to be zero

⁴Includes adjustments for sale of assets, adjustments to reflect NRG share of Adjusted EBITDA in unconsolidated affiliates, deactivation costs, other non-recurring expenses, and does not include the adjustment for loss on debt extinguishment which was $260 million as of September 30, 2024 and does not include gain on sale of Airtron of $208 million

⁵ Represents anticipated GAAP income tax

⁷Adjusted Net Income as shown here is ‘Adjusted Net Income available for common stockholders’

The following table summarizes the 2025 Guidance calculations of Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EPS and provides a reconciliation from Net Income¹:

	2025 Guidance
($ in millions, except per share amounts)	Full Year 2025	Earnings per Share, Basic²
Net Income³	$1,025 - $1,225	N/A
Cumulative dividends attributable to Series A Preferred Stock	(67)	N/A
Net Income Available for Common Stockholders	$958 - $1,158	$4.85 - $5.85
Plus:
Cumulative dividends attributable to Series A Preferred Stock	67	0.34
ARO Expense	25	0.13
Stock-based compensation	100	0.51
Acquisition and divestiture integration and transaction costs	20	0.10
Other⁴	130	0.66
Income Tax⁵	390 - 440	1.98 - 2.23
Adjusted Income before income taxes	$1,690 - $1,940	$8.70 - $9.70
Adjusted income tax⁶	(293) - (343)	(1.49) - (1.74)
Adjusted Net Income before Preferred Stock dividends	$1,397 - $1,597	$7.10 - $8.10
Cumulative dividends attributable to Series A Preferred Stock	(67)	(0.34)
Adjusted Net Income⁷	$1,330 - $1,530	$6.75 - $7.75

¹Items may not sum due to rounding

² Earnings per share amount is based on weighted average number of common shares outstanding - basic of 197 million for 2025 guidance

³ For purposes of guidance, fair value adjustments related to derivatives are assumed to be zero

⁴ Includes adjustments for sale of assets, adjustments to reflect NRG share of Adjusted EBITDA in unconsolidated affiliates, deactivation costs and other non-recurring expenses

⁵ Represents anticipated GAAP income tax

⁷Adjusted Net Income as shown here is ‘Adjusted Net Income available for common stockholders’

Appendix Table A-12: 2024 and 2025 Guidance Reconciliations

The following table summarizes the calculation of Adjusted EBITDA providing reconciliation to Net Income, and the calculation of FCFbG providing a reconciliation to Cash provided by operating activities and Adjusted Net Income:

	2024 Original	2024 Raised	2025
($ in millions)	Guidance	Guidance	Guidance
Adjusted Net Income	$1,040 - 1,290	$1,235 - 1,385	$1,330 - 1,530
Cumulative dividends attributable to Series A preferred stock	67	67	67
Interest payments less than expense	40	40	25
Depreciation and amortization	1,420	1,420	1,400
Income tax (excess of)/less than expense	103	133	168 - 218
Gross capitalized contract costs¹	(830)	(830)	(895)
Working capital/other assets and liabilities²	(15)	(90)	(10)
Cash provided by operating activities³	1,825 - 2,075	1,975 - 2,125	2,085 - 2,335
Acquisition and other costs²	124	124	35
Adjusted cash provided by operating activities	1,949 - 2,199	2.099 - 2,249	2,120 - 2,370
Maintenance capital expenditures, net⁴	(240) - (260)	(240) - (260)	(240) - (260)
Environmental capital expenditures	(20) - (30)	(20) - (30)	(20) - (30)
Cost of acquisition	145	145	130
Free Cash Flow before Growth Investments (FCFbG)	$1,825 - 2,075	$1,975 - 2,125	$1,975 - 2,225

¹ Gross capitalized contract costs represent the costs directly related and incremental to the origination of new contracts, modification of existing contracts or to the fulfillment of the related subscriber contracts; these costs include installed products, commissions, other compensation, and cost of installation of new or upgraded customer contracts; these costs are amortized on a straight-line basis over the expected period of benefit to depreciation and amortization

² Working capital / other assets and liabilities include payments for Acquisition and divestiture integration and transaction costs which is adjusted in Acquisition and other costs and Net deferred revenues

³Excludes fair value adjustments related to derivatives and changes in collateral deposits in support of risk management activities

⁴ Includes W.A. Parish Unit 8 expected insurance recoveries related to property, plant and equipment

Appendix Table A-13: Actual Full Year 2023 Adjusted EBITDA Reconciliation for Airtron

The following table summarizes the calculation of Adjusted EBITDA and provides a reconciliation from Net Income:

($ in millions)	Airtron (Unaudited)
Net Income	$	29
Plus:
Depreciation and amortization		28
EBITDA		57
Other costs		1
Adjusted EBITDA	$	58

Non-GAAP Financial Measures

NRG reports its financial results in accordance with the accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (GAAP) and supplements with certain non-GAAP financial measures. These measures are not recognized in accordance with GAAP and should not be viewed in isolation or as an alternative to GAAP measures of performance. In addition, other companies may calculate non-GAAP financial measures differently than NRG does, limiting their usefulness as a comparative measure.

NRG uses the following non-GAAP measures to provide additional insight into financial performance:

Adjusted EBITDA: Defined as EBITDA (earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization, impact of asset retirement obligation expenses and contract amortization consisting of amortization of power and fuel contracts and amortization of emission allowances) with further adjustments for stock-based compensation, impairment losses, deactivation costs, gains or losses on sales, dispositions or retirements of assets, any mark-to-market gains or losses from forward position of economic hedges, gains or losses on the repurchase, modification or extinguishment of debt, restructuring costs, and other non-recurring items plus adjustments to reflect the Adjusted EBITDA from our unconsolidated investments or non-controlling interests. Adjusted EBITDA is intended to facilitate period-to-period comparisons and is widely used by investors for performance assessment.
Adjusted Net Income: Defined as net income available to common shareholders excluding the impact of asset retirement obligation expenses, contract amortization consisting of amortization of power and fuel contracts and amortization of emission allowances, stock-based compensation, impairment losses, deactivation costs, gains or losses on sales, dispositions or retirements of assets, any mark-to-market gains or losses from forward position of economic hedges, gains or losses on the repurchase, modification or extinguishment of debt, the impact of restructuring and any extraordinary, unusual or non-recurring items plus adjustments to reflect the Adjusted EBITDA from our unconsolidated investments and non-controlling interests.
Adjusted Earnings per Share (EPS): Defined as Adjusted Net Income, divided by the average basic common shares outstanding. The Company believes that using average basic common shares outstanding offers a more accurate view of recurring per-share earnings, as it better reflects the impact of the fully hedged convertible note callable in mid-2025.
Adjusted Cash provided/(used) by operating activities: Defined as Cash provided/(used) by operating activities with the reclassification of net payments of derivative contracts acquired in business combinations from financing to operating cash flow, as well as the add back of merger, integration, related restructuring costs, adjustment for change in collateral, and the impact of extraordinary, unusual or non-recurring items.
Free Cash Flow before Growth Investments: Defined as Adjusted Cash provided/(used) by operating activities less maintenance and environmental capital expenditures, net of funding and insurance recoveries related to property, plant and equipment, and adjustments to exclude cost of acquisition related to growth.

Management believes these non-GAAP financial measures are useful to investors and other users of NRG's financial statements in evaluating the Company’s operating performance and growth, as well as the impact of the Company’s capital allocation program. They provide an additional tool to compare business performance across periods and adjust for items that management does not consider indicative of NRG’s future operating performance. Management uses these non-GAAP financial measures to assist in comparing financial performance from period to period on a consistent basis and to readily view operating trends, as a measure for planning and forecasting overall expectations, and for evaluating actual results against such expectations, and in communications with NRG's Board of Directors, shareholders, creditors, analysts and investors concerning its financial performance.

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